INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP (IBM) Earnings History

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP - Q4 FY2025 EarningsBeat

Filed at: Jan 28, 2026, 4:10 PM EST|Read from source

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

IBM reported a strong fourth quarter and full year 2025, driven by robust double-digit growth in Software and Infrastructure, exceeding expectations for revenue, profit, and free cash flow. The company enters 2026 with momentum, confident in its ability to achieve significant revenue growth and a substantial increase in free cash flow.

POSITIVE HIGHLIGHTS

  • •

    Fourth-quarter revenue of $19.7 billion, up 12 percent year-over-year (9 percent at constant currency).

    positive
  • •

    Full-year revenue of $67.5 billion, up 8 percent year-over-year (6 percent at constant currency).

    positive
  • •

    Full-year profit and free cash flow growth exceeded expectations, with free cash flow up $2.0 billion year-to-year.

    positive
  • •

    Software revenue grew 14% in Q4 (11% constant currency) and 11% for the full year (9% constant currency).

    positive
  • •

    Infrastructure revenue grew 21% in Q4 (17% constant currency) and 12% for the full year (10% constant currency).

    positive
  • •

    GAAP Gross Profit Margin improved by 110 bps in Q4 and 150 bps for the full year.

    positive

CONCERNS & RISKS

  • •

    Net cash from operating activities was down $0.3 billion year-to-year for both the fourth quarter and the full year.

    attention
  • •

    Inventories increased to $1.220 billion at year-end 2025, up from $1.289 billion in the prior year, indicating a slight decrease but still a significant level.

    attention
  • •

    Total debt, including IBM Financing debt, increased by $6.3 billion since year-end 2024 to $61.3 billion.

    attention
  • •

    Consulting revenue growth was modest at 3% in Q4 (1% constant currency) and 2% for the full year (flat at constant currency).

    attention

FINANCIAL METRICS

Revenue
Quarterly
$19.70B
+12.0%
Prior year: $17.55B
Annual (YTD)
$67.50B
N/A
Prior year: $62.75B
Net Income
Quarterly
$5.60B
+92.1%
Prior year: $2.92B
Annual (YTD)
$10.59B
N/A
Prior year: $6.02B
EPS (Diluted)
Quarterly
$5.86
+89.6%
Prior year: $3.09
Operating Income
Quarterly
$4.70B
+9.3%
Prior year: $4.30B
Annual (YTD)
$12.70B
N/A
Prior year: $11.21B
EPS (Basic)
Quarterly
$5.96
+89.2%
Prior year: $3.15

MARGIN ANALYSIS

Gross Margin
Current Quarter
60.6%
Prior Year
59.5%
YoY Change
+110 bps
Operating Margin
Current Quarter
24.1%
Prior Year
24.3%
YoY Change
-20 bps
Net Margin
Current Quarter
28.3%
Prior Year
16.7%
YoY Change
+1160 bps

Margin expansion indicates improving profitability and operational efficiency. Measured in basis points (bps): 100 bps = 1.0%.

REVENUE BY SEGMENT — Q4 FY2025 2025

VISUAL OVERVIEW

|
Software
0.0%
N/A
CC: +11.0%
Consulting
0.0%
N/A
CC: +1.0%
Infrastructure
0.0%
N/A
CC: +10.4%
Financing
0.0%
N/A
CC: +2.5%

DETAILED BREAKDOWN

|
SegmentCurrentPrior YrYoY% TotalCC
Software
N/A———+11.0%
Consulting
N/A———+1.0%
Infrastructure
N/A———+10.4%
Financing
N/A———+2.5%
Total Revenue$0.00M——100.0%—

Segment performance shows business unit health and growth drivers. Constant currency (CC) removes FX impact for like-for-like comparison.

MANAGEMENT GUIDANCE

FY2026

revenue
"more than 5 percent constant currency revenue growth"
free cash flow
1,000,000,000
"increase by about $1 billion year-over-year"

Forward-looking guidance is subject to change and does not constitute a guarantee. Actual results may differ materially from these estimates.

MANAGEMENT COMMENTARY

In the fourth quarter, we delivered strong revenue growth, with double-digit Software performance. Additionally, Infrastructure continued its double-digit revenue growth with the robust adoption of the next generation of our mainframe platform.

— INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP, Q4 FY2025 2025 Earnings Call

Our generative AI book of business now stands at more than $12.5 billion.

— INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP, Q4 FY2025 2025 Earnings Call

This capped a strong 2025 for IBM where we exceeded expectations for revenue, profit and free cash flow.

— INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP, Q4 FY2025 2025 Earnings Call

Commentary excerpts from earnings call transcripts provide management's perspective on performance, strategy, and outlook. Always review full transcripts for complete context.